You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
US and German Algae Companies Form Strategic Alliance to Advance Bioreactor Systems
11 January 2007
Greenfuel Technologies Corporation, a leader in the development of algae bioreactor technology for recycling CO2 in flue gases into biofuels, has signed a strategic alliance agreement with IGV (Institut für Getreideverarbeitun g), a private industrial research institute headquartered in Potsdam, Germany. IGV is a pioneer in micro-algae research and production with more than 80 commercial technology deployments worldwide.
Under the terms of the agreement, GreenFuel and IGV will share proprietary algae bioreactor technology in an effort to accelerate the commercialization of biofuel production from recycled carbon dioxide in power plant flue gas emissions.
GreenFuel and IGV will also pursue commercial opportunities together in Europe. Once in commercial production, the GreenFuel Emissions-to-Biofuels process will allow power plants to significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions, generate carbon credits, and produce clean, renewable biofuels. (Earlier post.) GreenFuel estimates that its Emissions-to- Biofuels process can absorb a significant percentage (up to more than 80%) of a power plant's CO2 emissions during the daytime, varying with available sunlight. The Emissions-to- Biofuels system scrubs NOx emissions around the clock.
Unlike typical agricultural biofuel feedstocks, such as soybeans or corn which have a limited harvest window, algae multiply every hour and can be harvested every day.
Algae can also be grown on poor quality land with non-potable water, so they don't compete for land suitable for food crops. The carbon-enriched algae contain lipid oils and starches that can be converted into biodiesel and ethanol for transportation fuels. The residual protein can be used for animal feed and nutritional supplements. GreenFuel is currently involved in a number of Emissions-to- Biofuels pilot projects in the USA, Australia, Europe, and South Africa.
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Monday, February 26, 2007
Which are the Best Algal Strains for Oil?
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Which are the Best Algal Strains for Oil?
The following is a question-answer combo at the Yahoogroup Oil from Algae -
Question: It seems there are numerous designs for small scale photobioreactors and large scale outdoor systems. However, there seems to be a lack ofreal information on which strains are producing oil on a continuousbasis. I am looking to grow algae in a tropical region, abundantsunlight, near 5MT/yr of CO2, close to the ocean, brackish water andbitterns from an evaporative salt plant. It would seem logical to usethe bitterns to produce an extreme environment so as to grow amonoculture of algae. Strains such as Dunaliella salina would ideallygrow in this type of environment but alas the growth yield (50T/yr/Ha)and oil content (6-8%) is what is usually reported. Are there anyother reported strains that would grow in extreme habitats(halophilic) and have reasonable oil yields? Is everyone keeping theirstrains to themselves? So come on share and let's grow 'em!
Answer: (by Bobby Yates Emory) Navid reported positive results with CCMP647. His test included outdoors in Perth, Aust. It is a marine species. The growth rate is high (doubling every 2 + or - .9 days). High oil (30 to 40 %, if I remember right.)I would try to put the pond as far away from the ocean and brackish standing water as you can, so you don't get invasive species from the ocean and bird droppings.
(I think that Navid's research pond was within 4 KM of the ocean and he report no problems with invasive species and with diseases.)
Navid's thesis is referenced at:http://wwwlib. murdoch.edu. au/adt/browse/ view/adt- MU20050901. 140745
That contains an abstract and links to the front matter of the thesis and to the complete thesis.
Bobby
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Which are the Best Algal Strains for Oil?
The following is a question-answer combo at the Yahoogroup Oil from Algae -
Question: It seems there are numerous designs for small scale photobioreactors and large scale outdoor systems. However, there seems to be a lack ofreal information on which strains are producing oil on a continuousbasis. I am looking to grow algae in a tropical region, abundantsunlight, near 5MT/yr of CO2, close to the ocean, brackish water andbitterns from an evaporative salt plant. It would seem logical to usethe bitterns to produce an extreme environment so as to grow amonoculture of algae. Strains such as Dunaliella salina would ideallygrow in this type of environment but alas the growth yield (50T/yr/Ha)and oil content (6-8%) is what is usually reported. Are there anyother reported strains that would grow in extreme habitats(halophilic) and have reasonable oil yields? Is everyone keeping theirstrains to themselves? So come on share and let's grow 'em!
Answer: (by Bobby Yates Emory) Navid reported positive results with CCMP647. His test included outdoors in Perth, Aust. It is a marine species. The growth rate is high (doubling every 2 + or - .9 days). High oil (30 to 40 %, if I remember right.)I would try to put the pond as far away from the ocean and brackish standing water as you can, so you don't get invasive species from the ocean and bird droppings.
(I think that Navid's research pond was within 4 KM of the ocean and he report no problems with invasive species and with diseases.)
Navid's thesis is referenced at:http://wwwlib. murdoch.edu. au/adt/browse/ view/adt- MU20050901. 140745
That contains an abstract and links to the front matter of the thesis and to the complete thesis.
Bobby
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Answers to some Algae Oil FAQs - Heating Value, Yield...
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Here's an interesting post by Clint LeRoy at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup
Answers to some Algae Oil FAQs
"
Algae oil to 72 % of their weight
Ladies and Gentleman
Each day I get a phone call or two from interested people wishing to find out all the details about the Algae and the developing business of growing the algae to produce high volumes of oil. I myself find these answers out by reading everything I can and counseling with the scientist in charge. Today I give you answers to some of those lingering questions which have become quite repetitive.
1. What is the heating value of the oil when burned?
2. How do you get more fatty oils from the current algae substrates?
#1 Answer: A typical algal mass has a heating value (heat produced by combustion) of 8,000-10,000 BTU/lb, which is better than lignite; but the heating value of algal oil and lipids is 16,000 BTU/lb, which is better than anthracite coal.
#2 Answer: Under normal circumstances, algae contain mainly hydrocarbons and proteins; the fat content does not exceed 20% of the total dry weight. But it was discovered that under nutritional stress - limited nutrients or saline environment - certain micro algae will accumulate up to 72% of their weight as lipids (fatty substances).
***** So by starving them you make them grow fatter? Only in a sense: by limiting their food, you make them form a higher percentage of their body weight as fat.
While you’re working hard to visualize your wealth of building and operating these vast farms of Algae, others are developing the maximum output so you don’t have the headaches when the time comes to release the final Photo-bioreactor.
Clint LeRoy
Lead Consultant
Marg Energy inc.
www.margenergy. com
"
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Here's an interesting post by Clint LeRoy at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup
Answers to some Algae Oil FAQs
"
Algae oil to 72 % of their weight
Ladies and Gentleman
Each day I get a phone call or two from interested people wishing to find out all the details about the Algae and the developing business of growing the algae to produce high volumes of oil. I myself find these answers out by reading everything I can and counseling with the scientist in charge. Today I give you answers to some of those lingering questions which have become quite repetitive.
1. What is the heating value of the oil when burned?
2. How do you get more fatty oils from the current algae substrates?
#1 Answer: A typical algal mass has a heating value (heat produced by combustion) of 8,000-10,000 BTU/lb, which is better than lignite; but the heating value of algal oil and lipids is 16,000 BTU/lb, which is better than anthracite coal.
#2 Answer: Under normal circumstances, algae contain mainly hydrocarbons and proteins; the fat content does not exceed 20% of the total dry weight. But it was discovered that under nutritional stress - limited nutrients or saline environment - certain micro algae will accumulate up to 72% of their weight as lipids (fatty substances).
***** So by starving them you make them grow fatter? Only in a sense: by limiting their food, you make them form a higher percentage of their body weight as fat.
While you’re working hard to visualize your wealth of building and operating these vast farms of Algae, others are developing the maximum output so you don’t have the headaches when the time comes to release the final Photo-bioreactor.
Clint LeRoy
Lead Consultant
Marg Energy inc.
www.margenergy. com
"
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Species of Fish for Producing Nitrates for Algae
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Species of Fish for Producing Nitrates for Algae
The following was a question posed at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup:
Question: How many, and what species of fish would produce the amount of Nitrates necessary to grow substantial algae for on-farm usage?
There was one interesting answer: Fish and Algae won't go together. Algae is their food.
However, Bobby Yates Emory had this to say: The fish eat algae and their waste feeds the growth of more algae. The talipa(SP?) is harvested for food and for sale.
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Species of Fish for Producing Nitrates for Algae
The following was a question posed at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup:
Question: How many, and what species of fish would produce the amount of Nitrates necessary to grow substantial algae for on-farm usage?
There was one interesting answer: Fish and Algae won't go together. Algae is their food.
However, Bobby Yates Emory had this to say: The fish eat algae and their waste feeds the growth of more algae. The talipa(SP?) is harvested for food and for sale.
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Can Chicken Manure be Used as Fertilizer for Algae Growth?
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Can Chicken Manure be Used as Fertilizer for Algae Growth?
The following was a question asked at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup
Question: Is there any information about chicken manure or similar wastes that can be used as cheap fertilizer for algae? Will that be enough or does it have to be mixed with other stuff? Would like to make a low cost trial run when enough info is available.Thanks, Peter
One of the relevant answers provided is as follows:
Answer: Yes chicken manure can be used as fertilizer but not with algae as nitrates reduce the Oil production from most algae strains.
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Can Chicken Manure be Used as Fertilizer for Algae Growth?
The following was a question asked at the Oil from Algae yahoogroup
Question: Is there any information about chicken manure or similar wastes that can be used as cheap fertilizer for algae? Will that be enough or does it have to be mixed with other stuff? Would like to make a low cost trial run when enough info is available.Thanks, Peter
One of the relevant answers provided is as follows:
Answer: Yes chicken manure can be used as fertilizer but not with algae as nitrates reduce the Oil production from most algae strains.
Original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Source for Purchasing Algae Cultures
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Source for Purchasing Algae Cultures
I had been getting a number of emails from folks who wish to know where they can procure live algae cultures from.
The following is one company I found
Aquatic Eco ( & the algae culture category here)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Source for Purchasing Algae Cultures
I had been getting a number of emails from folks who wish to know where they can procure live algae cultures from.
The following is one company I found
Aquatic Eco ( & the algae culture category here)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Fertiliser Sourcing for Alga Culture - Algae Growth Fertilizers
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Fertiliser Sourcing for Algae Growth
While going thru the posts at Oil from Algae yahoo group, I came across the following point made about fertilizers sourcing for algae growth. As the author mentions as well, this is a topic that is not often brought up in discussions, but I would guess is as important as any other topic?
Here is the note from Peri1224 (original message here)
"
Sourcing of fertilizer and carbon inputs
There is not much discussion in this news group of where the fertilizer nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) for algae culture will come from. Commercial fertilizers can be expensive but are convenient (which is why farmers use them). This is an issue since to produce algae of any species in any quantity will require a steady supply of fertilizer nutrients. There is a large body of work on the use of sewage or wastewater to supply these nutrients in algal culture. From personal experience I can say its easy to advocate the use of this nutrient source but to actually drive to a wastewater treatment plant to fill up a tank with wastewater is neither cheap nor convenient.
"
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Fertiliser Sourcing for Algae Growth
While going thru the posts at Oil from Algae yahoo group, I came across the following point made about fertilizers sourcing for algae growth. As the author mentions as well, this is a topic that is not often brought up in discussions, but I would guess is as important as any other topic?
Here is the note from Peri1224 (original message here)
"
Sourcing of fertilizer and carbon inputs
There is not much discussion in this news group of where the fertilizer nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) for algae culture will come from. Commercial fertilizers can be expensive but are convenient (which is why farmers use them). This is an issue since to produce algae of any species in any quantity will require a steady supply of fertilizer nutrients. There is a large body of work on the use of sewage or wastewater to supply these nutrients in algal culture. From personal experience I can say its easy to advocate the use of this nutrient source but to actually drive to a wastewater treatment plant to fill up a tank with wastewater is neither cheap nor convenient.
"
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
The Virgin Earth Challenge for Greenhouse Gas Removal
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Virgin Earth Challenge
The Virgin Earth Challenge is a prize of $25m for whoever can demonstrate to the judges' satisfaction a commercially viable design which results in the removal of anthropogenic, atmospheric greenhouse gases so as to contribute materially to the stability of Earth’s climate.
Judges:
1. Sir Richard Branson - Virgin Group
2. Al Gore - Former Vice President of the USA.
3. James Lovelock - An independent scientist for more than forty years as well as an Honorary Visiting Fellow of Green College, University of Oxford.
4. Tim Flannery - Is an internationally acclaimed scientist, explorer, conservationist and author lauded by David Attenborough and Redmond O'Hanlon respectively as one of the world's greatest explorers and having "... discovered more new species than Charles Darwin."
5. Dr James Hansen - Professor in Columbia University Earth Institute and also Heads the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in NYC.
6. Sir Crispin Tickell - Director of the Policy Foresight Programme at the James Martin Institute for Science and Civilization at Oxford University.
See more from here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Virgin Earth Challenge
The Virgin Earth Challenge is a prize of $25m for whoever can demonstrate to the judges' satisfaction a commercially viable design which results in the removal of anthropogenic, atmospheric greenhouse gases so as to contribute materially to the stability of Earth’s climate.
Judges:
1. Sir Richard Branson - Virgin Group
2. Al Gore - Former Vice President of the USA.
3. James Lovelock - An independent scientist for more than forty years as well as an Honorary Visiting Fellow of Green College, University of Oxford.
4. Tim Flannery - Is an internationally acclaimed scientist, explorer, conservationist and author lauded by David Attenborough and Redmond O'Hanlon respectively as one of the world's greatest explorers and having "... discovered more new species than Charles Darwin."
5. Dr James Hansen - Professor in Columbia University Earth Institute and also Heads the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in NYC.
6. Sir Crispin Tickell - Director of the Policy Foresight Programme at the James Martin Institute for Science and Civilization at Oxford University.
See more from here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Algae oil via diauxic growth methods?
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A couple of questions asked at the Oil from Algae yahoo group
1. Has anyone tried to get algae to produce more oil via diauxic growth methods on diffrent media (chu#10 ect.)
2. How easy is it to make Nile red cell stain from nile blue and H2S04? The aquatox lab where I work just acquired a photocytometer to count and seperate pathogens, and Im thinking I can use it to seperate low lipid strains from high lipid strains to artificially select a culture with high lipid ratios.
Posted by Jordan S DeVries, original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A couple of questions asked at the Oil from Algae yahoo group
1. Has anyone tried to get algae to produce more oil via diauxic growth methods on diffrent media (chu#10 ect.)
2. How easy is it to make Nile red cell stain from nile blue and H2S04? The aquatox lab where I work just acquired a photocytometer to count and seperate pathogens, and Im thinking I can use it to seperate low lipid strains from high lipid strains to artificially select a culture with high lipid ratios.
Posted by Jordan S DeVries, original message here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
The Pond Guy - Management of Ponds Made Easy
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
The Pond Guy - Pond Management Made Easy
Here's an interesting company providing an interesting and useful service - The Pond Guy which focusses on pond management.
Read the introduction by the founder:
"
Seeing the need for a simple solution to pond management, I began working with my first pond at age 15. My success with this pond landed me more work servicing the ponds of friends and relatives. With this influx of work I decided it was time to expand and hire my first vice president; who had a pick-up and a driver’s license. I continued my hands-on educations of backyard ecology throughout high school. With a desire for more “formal” education, I decided to pursue my degree at Michigan State University.
While attending college, I launched The Pond Guy, Inc. It was then that I realized that the knowledge and products that I had developed, out of my parent’s basement and in the back of my pickup truck, could help thousands of pond owners seeking a simple solution to pond management. Today, The Pond Guy services more than 600 backyard ponds, installs hundreds of beautiful water gardens and offers the most extensive pond supply catalog in the nation, with customers in all 50 states.
I don’t know where the future of The Pond Guy will lead me, but I do know that my approach will be the same…My #1 commitments is to my customers. As part of my commitment, I will continue to offer simple solutions, the best products and a group of knowledgeable and friendly pond “guys” and “gals” to assist you every step of the way. I credit much of my success to the comments and suggestions that I have received from all of you; you can trust that all of us at The Pond Guy have been listening.Jason G. BlakeFounder & President
I always enjoy meeting my customers, so if your in the area, please stop in and say hello.
THE POND GUY, INC.6135 King RoadMarine City, MI 48039 - Click Here For A Map
The Pond Guy Web Site
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
The Pond Guy - Pond Management Made Easy
Here's an interesting company providing an interesting and useful service - The Pond Guy which focusses on pond management.
Read the introduction by the founder:
"
Seeing the need for a simple solution to pond management, I began working with my first pond at age 15. My success with this pond landed me more work servicing the ponds of friends and relatives. With this influx of work I decided it was time to expand and hire my first vice president; who had a pick-up and a driver’s license. I continued my hands-on educations of backyard ecology throughout high school. With a desire for more “formal” education, I decided to pursue my degree at Michigan State University.
While attending college, I launched The Pond Guy, Inc. It was then that I realized that the knowledge and products that I had developed, out of my parent’s basement and in the back of my pickup truck, could help thousands of pond owners seeking a simple solution to pond management. Today, The Pond Guy services more than 600 backyard ponds, installs hundreds of beautiful water gardens and offers the most extensive pond supply catalog in the nation, with customers in all 50 states.
I don’t know where the future of The Pond Guy will lead me, but I do know that my approach will be the same…My #1 commitments is to my customers. As part of my commitment, I will continue to offer simple solutions, the best products and a group of knowledgeable and friendly pond “guys” and “gals” to assist you every step of the way. I credit much of my success to the comments and suggestions that I have received from all of you; you can trust that all of us at The Pond Guy have been listening.Jason G. BlakeFounder & President
I always enjoy meeting my customers, so if your in the area, please stop in and say hello.
THE POND GUY, INC.6135 King RoadMarine City, MI 48039 - Click Here For A Map
The Pond Guy Web Site
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Detailed Page on Growing Your Own Spirulina
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Found a useful web page on spirula cultivation at home. Has excellent details. Might not be exactly useful for oil production, but some details provided could be used for high-yield algal strains as well?
Grow Your Own Spirulina
This is the condensed version of a "Manual of small scale spirulina culture" written in French and distributed by Antenna Technology. This is not one more book on spirulina. Excellent ones are available*, dealing with such topics as :
- what is spirulina ?
- what is its natural habitat ?
- how did the Aztecs harvest it and eat it ?
- how was it rediscovered 30 years ago ?
- what nutrients, vitamins, minerals does it contain ?
- what are its food-grade specifications ?
- what are its numerous benefits for your health ?
- how does industry manufacture and market spirulina ?
- why is spirulina ecologically friendly ?
- why has it such a brilliant future ?
"
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Found a useful web page on spirula cultivation at home. Has excellent details. Might not be exactly useful for oil production, but some details provided could be used for high-yield algal strains as well?
Grow Your Own Spirulina
This is the condensed version of a "Manual of small scale spirulina culture" written in French and distributed by Antenna Technology. This is not one more book on spirulina. Excellent ones are available*, dealing with such topics as :
- what is spirulina ?
- what is its natural habitat ?
- how did the Aztecs harvest it and eat it ?
- how was it rediscovered 30 years ago ?
- what nutrients, vitamins, minerals does it contain ?
- what are its food-grade specifications ?
- what are its numerous benefits for your health ?
- how does industry manufacture and market spirulina ?
- why is spirulina ecologically friendly ?
- why has it such a brilliant future ?
"
See more from this site
Oilgae Academic Edition provides extensive details on the research efforts done by hundreds of universities in this domain
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
"Not able to get a good algal yield"
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
"Not able to get a good algal yield"
Here's an interesting message I found on the Oil from Algae yahoo group, a person from Philippines has this to say:
"I'm located in the Philippines with exeprience in algal> culturing from my shrimp/prawn hatchery operation. The 95000 liters oil yield per year per hectare that Michael Briggs and others were writing about rekindled my interest in the algae business. Have run actual outdoor tests, semi-continuous, with an Isochrysis strain, but the yield was only 23000 kg of oil/ha/year, (12 g per day/ton of water). That was off target by a factor of 4. I'm sure it's possible to tweak that a little and get a better yield or use a higher yielding strain. However, the main problem is not the culturing but the cost of the input like fertilizers, electricity, labor, overhead, etc., which are many times the value of the oil you can get out of it.
Even at 95000 liters oil yield per hectare per year the input expenses> would be several times larger than the total oil yield. So who would invest in a business like that? And I'm stuck right there. Would love to continue this project, but am looking for information about tweaking production, and most of all,> substantially lowering the input costs - Peter"
Bobby Yates Emory has this suggestion: "I think froth flotation may be the answer"
See the original message and the list of responses here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
"Not able to get a good algal yield"
Here's an interesting message I found on the Oil from Algae yahoo group, a person from Philippines has this to say:
"I'm located in the Philippines with exeprience in algal> culturing from my shrimp/prawn hatchery operation. The 95000 liters oil yield per year per hectare that Michael Briggs and others were writing about rekindled my interest in the algae business. Have run actual outdoor tests, semi-continuous, with an Isochrysis strain, but the yield was only 23000 kg of oil/ha/year, (12 g per day/ton of water). That was off target by a factor of 4. I'm sure it's possible to tweak that a little and get a better yield or use a higher yielding strain. However, the main problem is not the culturing but the cost of the input like fertilizers, electricity, labor, overhead, etc., which are many times the value of the oil you can get out of it.
Even at 95000 liters oil yield per hectare per year the input expenses> would be several times larger than the total oil yield. So who would invest in a business like that? And I'm stuck right there. Would love to continue this project, but am looking for information about tweaking production, and most of all,> substantially lowering the input costs - Peter"
Bobby Yates Emory has this suggestion: "I think froth flotation may be the answer"
See the original message and the list of responses here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
A High Productivity Bioreactor for Microalgae Cultivation
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A High Productivity Bioreactor for Microalgae Cultivation
Found a site in which the author has put forward details of his new bioreactor design. Thought it could be useful for some of you
Key Words: micro alga, spirulina, haematococcus, astaxanthin
Brief Introduction by the author: Cyanobacterium Spirulina and green alga Haematococcus spp. are of microscopic plants, although they are biologically adaptable to a wide range of warm environments, the establishment and proliferation of themselves with high productivity depending on selective nutrients, the suitable growth temperatures, and in need of optimizing the light intensity etc. However, these essential requirements are hardly met in the open pond systems. In view of the limitations and shortcomings as low biomass productivity, unavoidable contaminations which existed insuperable for the pond culture systems, bioscientists and biotron-engineers in the last decades had developed certain forms of closed transparent photo-bioreactors for the mass production of micro-algae. Although most of them could be used to some certain degree for the experimental algal culture, yet there still existed some hindrances of operational problems and even serious growth limitations. Among these problems are primarily the oxygen build-up in the growth medium and the overheating inside the tubes by the sunrays in summer seasons.
With these considerations, the author after several years trials and improvements, had invented and manufactured a totally different photobioreactor which aimed at for the commercial production of Spirulina or Haematocuccus spp. in particular, and other photophilic micro-organisms in general. The functional advantages for this vertical glass photo-bioreactor (VGPR), in addition to its high productivity, presented mainly as that it had basically overcome those growth limitations, i.e. the overheating of the cultural medium, the high tension of the dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and the problem of algal staining on the tubular inner walls which offten existed in those previous forms.
See the site NewBioreactor for further info about the bioreactor and the author's contact details
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A High Productivity Bioreactor for Microalgae Cultivation
Found a site in which the author has put forward details of his new bioreactor design. Thought it could be useful for some of you
Key Words: micro alga, spirulina, haematococcus, astaxanthin
Brief Introduction by the author: Cyanobacterium Spirulina and green alga Haematococcus spp. are of microscopic plants, although they are biologically adaptable to a wide range of warm environments, the establishment and proliferation of themselves with high productivity depending on selective nutrients, the suitable growth temperatures, and in need of optimizing the light intensity etc. However, these essential requirements are hardly met in the open pond systems. In view of the limitations and shortcomings as low biomass productivity, unavoidable contaminations which existed insuperable for the pond culture systems, bioscientists and biotron-engineers in the last decades had developed certain forms of closed transparent photo-bioreactors for the mass production of micro-algae. Although most of them could be used to some certain degree for the experimental algal culture, yet there still existed some hindrances of operational problems and even serious growth limitations. Among these problems are primarily the oxygen build-up in the growth medium and the overheating inside the tubes by the sunrays in summer seasons.
With these considerations, the author after several years trials and improvements, had invented and manufactured a totally different photobioreactor which aimed at for the commercial production of Spirulina or Haematocuccus spp. in particular, and other photophilic micro-organisms in general. The functional advantages for this vertical glass photo-bioreactor (VGPR), in addition to its high productivity, presented mainly as that it had basically overcome those growth limitations, i.e. the overheating of the cultural medium, the high tension of the dissolved oxygen (D.O.) and the problem of algal staining on the tubular inner walls which offten existed in those previous forms.
See the site NewBioreactor for further info about the bioreactor and the author's contact details
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Algae Oil Company Wishes to Talk to Potential Bio-refineries
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Algae Oil Company Wishes to Talk to Potential Bio-refineries
Found this note at the Oil from Algae yahoo group (it's an excellent group, those interested in this field, please join up!); thought I'd post it so folks could get in touch with Jonathan.
"I am planning a venture capital backed company in the field of "feedstocks from algae." One of the key ingredients that venture capital investors are looking for before funding the venture is a list of prospective customers. If you have a biodiesel or ethanol processing plant of any size at all (even home brew), please send me your name & contact information so that I can put it on the list to show my investors. If you want to see a new algae production company get started, with the backing a multi-million dollar venture capitalists, then I need your support as prospective customers.
Please ... real replies only. The Venture Capitalists will do their homework. They will want to come and visit your site to see that you are a real customer. So, do this only if you actually have processing equipment and you might be able to use algae based feedstocks, either for ethanol or biodiesel
Jonathan Gal, Founder & President New England Clean Fuels, Inc. d/b/a Texas Clean Fuels, 1015 Massachusetts Avenue, Lexington, MA 02420, [jlg99]@[comcast.net] (remove the [] for email) ; Tel: 781-274-9630
" - End of message
Note: Those interested in talking to Jonathan, please kindly get in touch with him directly. Oilgae is not involved in this venture in any way.
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Algae Oil Company Wishes to Talk to Potential Bio-refineries
Found this note at the Oil from Algae yahoo group (it's an excellent group, those interested in this field, please join up!); thought I'd post it so folks could get in touch with Jonathan.
"I am planning a venture capital backed company in the field of "feedstocks from algae." One of the key ingredients that venture capital investors are looking for before funding the venture is a list of prospective customers. If you have a biodiesel or ethanol processing plant of any size at all (even home brew), please send me your name & contact information so that I can put it on the list to show my investors. If you want to see a new algae production company get started, with the backing a multi-million dollar venture capitalists, then I need your support as prospective customers.
Please ... real replies only. The Venture Capitalists will do their homework. They will want to come and visit your site to see that you are a real customer. So, do this only if you actually have processing equipment and you might be able to use algae based feedstocks, either for ethanol or biodiesel
Jonathan Gal, Founder & President New England Clean Fuels, Inc. d/b/a Texas Clean Fuels, 1015 Massachusetts Avenue, Lexington, MA 02420, [jlg99]@[comcast.net] (remove the [] for email) ; Tel: 781-274-9630
" - End of message
Note: Those interested in talking to Jonathan, please kindly get in touch with him directly. Oilgae is not involved in this venture in any way.
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Sunday, February 25, 2007
Comparison of compact photobioreactors for large-scale monoculture of microalgae
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Comparative evaluation of compact photobioreactors for large-scale monoculture of microalgae
Asterio Sa´nchez Miro´n, Antonio Contreras Go´mez,
Francisco Garcý´a Camacho, Emilio Molina Grima, Yusuf Chisti *
Department of Chemical Engineering, Uni6ersity of Almerý´a, E- 04071 Almerý´a, Spain
Journal of Biotechnology, 70, (1999)
Received 27 October 1998; received in revised form 17 November 1998; accepted 22 December 1998
Abstract
Engineering analyses combined with experimental observations in horizontal tubular photobioreactors and vertical bubble columns are used to demonstrate the potential of pneumatically mixed vertical devices for large-scale outdoor culture of photosynthetic microorganisms. Whereas the horizontal tubular systems have been extensively investigated,
their scalability is limited. Horizontal tubular photobioreactors and vertical bubble column type units differ substantially in many ways, particularly with respect to the surface–to–volume ratio, the amount of gas in dispersion, the gas–liquid mass transfer characteristics, the nature of the fluid movement and the internal irradiance levels. As illustrated for eicosapentaenoic acid production from the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a realistic commercial process cannot rely on horizontal tubular photobioreactor technology. In bubble columns, presence of gas bubbles generally enhances internal irradiance when the Sun is low on the horizon. Near solar noon, the bubbles diminish the internal column irradiance relative to the ungassed state. The optimal dimensions of vertical column photobioreactors are about 0.2 m diameter and 4 m column height. Parallel east–west oriented rows of such columns located at 36.8°N latitude need an optimal inter-row spacing of about 3.5 m. In vertical columns the biomass productivity varies substantially during the year: the peak productivity during summer may be several times greater than in the winter. This seasonal variation occurs also in horizontal tubular units, but is much less pronounced. Under identical conditions, the volumetric biomass productivity in a bubble column is 60% of that in a 0.06 m diameter horizontal tubular loop, but there is substantial scope for raising this value.
Keywords : Microalgae; Photobioreactors; Scale-up; Photosynthetic culture; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Full report here (PDF)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Comparative evaluation of compact photobioreactors for large-scale monoculture of microalgae
Asterio Sa´nchez Miro´n, Antonio Contreras Go´mez,
Francisco Garcý´a Camacho, Emilio Molina Grima, Yusuf Chisti *
Department of Chemical Engineering, Uni6ersity of Almerý´a, E- 04071 Almerý´a, Spain
Journal of Biotechnology, 70, (1999)
Received 27 October 1998; received in revised form 17 November 1998; accepted 22 December 1998
Abstract
Engineering analyses combined with experimental observations in horizontal tubular photobioreactors and vertical bubble columns are used to demonstrate the potential of pneumatically mixed vertical devices for large-scale outdoor culture of photosynthetic microorganisms. Whereas the horizontal tubular systems have been extensively investigated,
their scalability is limited. Horizontal tubular photobioreactors and vertical bubble column type units differ substantially in many ways, particularly with respect to the surface–to–volume ratio, the amount of gas in dispersion, the gas–liquid mass transfer characteristics, the nature of the fluid movement and the internal irradiance levels. As illustrated for eicosapentaenoic acid production from the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a realistic commercial process cannot rely on horizontal tubular photobioreactor technology. In bubble columns, presence of gas bubbles generally enhances internal irradiance when the Sun is low on the horizon. Near solar noon, the bubbles diminish the internal column irradiance relative to the ungassed state. The optimal dimensions of vertical column photobioreactors are about 0.2 m diameter and 4 m column height. Parallel east–west oriented rows of such columns located at 36.8°N latitude need an optimal inter-row spacing of about 3.5 m. In vertical columns the biomass productivity varies substantially during the year: the peak productivity during summer may be several times greater than in the winter. This seasonal variation occurs also in horizontal tubular units, but is much less pronounced. Under identical conditions, the volumetric biomass productivity in a bubble column is 60% of that in a 0.06 m diameter horizontal tubular loop, but there is substantial scope for raising this value.
Keywords : Microalgae; Photobioreactors; Scale-up; Photosynthetic culture; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Full report here (PDF)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Microalgae: Biotechnology and Microbiology By E. W. Becker - Book Review
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Microalgae: Biotechnology and Microbiology By E. W. (E. Wolfgang) Becker
Summary
By E. W. (E. Wolfgang)Becker
Published 1994Cambridge UniversityPress
301 pages
ISBN 0521350204
A state-of-the-art account of research in algal production and utilization. The book explores in detail all steps of the subject, from the preparation of stock cultures to the growth in large outdoor ponds. Dr. Becker provides a compilation of the different methods employed worldwide for the artificial cultivation of different microalgae, including recipes for culture media, description of outdoor and indoor cultivation systems, as well as harvesting and processing methods.
More from this Google Books page
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Microalgae: Biotechnology and Microbiology By E. W. (E. Wolfgang) Becker
Summary
By E. W. (E. Wolfgang)Becker
Published 1994Cambridge UniversityPress
301 pages
ISBN 0521350204
A state-of-the-art account of research in algal production and utilization. The book explores in detail all steps of the subject, from the preparation of stock cultures to the growth in large outdoor ponds. Dr. Becker provides a compilation of the different methods employed worldwide for the artificial cultivation of different microalgae, including recipes for culture media, description of outdoor and indoor cultivation systems, as well as harvesting and processing methods.
More from this Google Books page
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
An investigation of the heterotrophic culture of the green alga Tetraselmis
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
An investigation of the heterotrophic culture of the green algaTetraselmis
A research paper
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 8, Number 1 / January, 1996
DOI - 10.1007/BF02186225
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
John G. Day1 and Alexander J. Tsavalos2
(1)
Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Windermere Laboratory, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 0LP, U.K.
(2)
School of Biological and Earth Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom St., Liverpool, L3 3AF, U.K.
Received: 6 March 1996 Accepted: 13 March 1996
Abstract
The marine PrasinophyteTetraselmis may be cultured under both mixotrophic (photoheterotrophic) and heterotrophic conditions. The growth rate was slightly lower, and pigment levels and lipid composition were radically affected on heterotrophic culture in 1 L fermenters. Total chlorophyll levels of dark grown cultures were less than 1% of those observed in mixotrophically grown cells, the chlorophylla : b ratio also decreased as did the carotenoid content. In addition, the total amounts of lipids including polyunsaturated fatty-acids were also lower in heterotrophically cultured cells: 6.4 mg g–1 (dried alga) and 0.35 mg g–1 (dried alga); as compared to 37.1 mg g–1 (dried alga) and 18.5 mg g–1 (dried alga), for cells grown in the light. However, gross morphology and final yield (>16 g l–1) were relatively unaffected. The algae produced were spray-dried and tested for their suitability as an aquaculture feed.
Key words algal biotechnology - heterotrophic culture - Tetraselmis - lipids - pigments - aquaculture
Original link and ordering info here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
An investigation of the heterotrophic culture of the green algaTetraselmis
A research paper
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 8, Number 1 / January, 1996
DOI - 10.1007/BF02186225
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
John G. Day1 and Alexander J. Tsavalos2
(1)
Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, Windermere Laboratory, Far Sawrey, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 0LP, U.K.
(2)
School of Biological and Earth Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom St., Liverpool, L3 3AF, U.K.
Received: 6 March 1996 Accepted: 13 March 1996
Abstract
The marine PrasinophyteTetraselmis may be cultured under both mixotrophic (photoheterotrophic) and heterotrophic conditions. The growth rate was slightly lower, and pigment levels and lipid composition were radically affected on heterotrophic culture in 1 L fermenters. Total chlorophyll levels of dark grown cultures were less than 1% of those observed in mixotrophically grown cells, the chlorophylla : b ratio also decreased as did the carotenoid content. In addition, the total amounts of lipids including polyunsaturated fatty-acids were also lower in heterotrophically cultured cells: 6.4 mg g–1 (dried alga) and 0.35 mg g–1 (dried alga); as compared to 37.1 mg g–1 (dried alga) and 18.5 mg g–1 (dried alga), for cells grown in the light. However, gross morphology and final yield (>16 g l–1) were relatively unaffected. The algae produced were spray-dried and tested for their suitability as an aquaculture feed.
Key words algal biotechnology - heterotrophic culture - Tetraselmis - lipids - pigments - aquaculture
Original link and ordering info here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Commercial Applications of Microalgae - a research paper
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Commercial Applications of Microalgae - a research paper
Journal of Bioscience & Bioengineering
Pauline Spolaore1)2), Claire Joannis-Cassan1), Elie Duran2) and Arsène Isambert1)
1) Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Ecole Centrale Paris2) Evaflor
(Received 22-Jul-2005)(Accepted 28-Oct-2005)
Abstract
The first use of microalgae by humans dates back 2000 years to the Chinese, who used Nostoc to survive during famine. However, microalgal biotechnology only really began to develop in the middle of the last century. Nowadays, there are numerous commercial applications of microalgae. For example, (i) microalgae can be used to enhance the nutritional value of food and animal feed owing to their chemical composition, (ii) they play a crucial role in aquaculture and (iii) they can be incorporated into cosmetics. Moreover, they are cultivated as a source of highly valuable molecules. For example, polyunsaturated fatty acid oils are added to infant formulas and nutritional supplements and pigments are important as natural dyes. Stable isotope biochemicals help in structural determination and metabolic studies. Future research should focus on the improvement of production systems and the genetic modification of strains. Microalgal products would in that way become even more diversified and economically competitive.
Key words: microalgae, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids
Source and link to the full research paper here (PDF)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Commercial Applications of Microalgae - a research paper
Journal of Bioscience & Bioengineering
Pauline Spolaore1)2), Claire Joannis-Cassan1), Elie Duran2) and Arsène Isambert1)
1) Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Ecole Centrale Paris2) Evaflor
(Received 22-Jul-2005)(Accepted 28-Oct-2005)
Abstract
The first use of microalgae by humans dates back 2000 years to the Chinese, who used Nostoc to survive during famine. However, microalgal biotechnology only really began to develop in the middle of the last century. Nowadays, there are numerous commercial applications of microalgae. For example, (i) microalgae can be used to enhance the nutritional value of food and animal feed owing to their chemical composition, (ii) they play a crucial role in aquaculture and (iii) they can be incorporated into cosmetics. Moreover, they are cultivated as a source of highly valuable molecules. For example, polyunsaturated fatty acid oils are added to infant formulas and nutritional supplements and pigments are important as natural dyes. Stable isotope biochemicals help in structural determination and metabolic studies. Future research should focus on the improvement of production systems and the genetic modification of strains. Microalgal products would in that way become even more diversified and economically competitive.
Key words: microalgae, carotenoids, phycobiliproteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids
Source and link to the full research paper here (PDF)
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: review of outdoor mass culture systems
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 5, Number 6 / December, 1993
DOI - 10.1007/BF02184638
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Daniel Chaumont1
(1)
Centre de Cadarache, Département de Physiologie Végétale et Ecosystèmes, Section d'Ecophysiologie en Conditions Contrôlées, Groupe d'Ecotechnie, Bâtiment 177, 13108 Saint Paul les Durance Cedex, France
Received: 19 July 1993 Revised: 16 August 1993 Accepted: 17 August 1993
Abstract
Microalgae are very efficient solar energy converters and they can produce a great variety of metabolites. Man has always tried to take advantage of these proporties through algal mass culture. Despite the fact that many applications for microalgae have been described in the literature, these micro-organisms are still of minor economic importance. Industrial reactors for algal culture are at present, all designed as open race-ways (shallow open ponds where culture is circulated by a paddle-wheel). Technical and biological limitations of these open systems have given rise to the development of enclosed photoreactors (made of transparent tubes, sleeves or containers and where light source may be natural or artificial). The present review surveys advances in these two technologies for cultivation of microalgae. Starting from published results, the advantages and disadvantages of open systems and closed photobioreactors are discussed. A few open systems are presented for which particularly reliable results are available. Emphasis is then put on closed systems, which have been considered as capital intensive and are justified only when a fine chemical is to be produced.
Key words microalgae - culture systems - race-ways - photobioreactors - mass culture - algal biotechnology
Original Springer Link page here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 5, Number 6 / December, 1993
DOI - 10.1007/BF02184638
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Daniel Chaumont1
(1)
Centre de Cadarache, Département de Physiologie Végétale et Ecosystèmes, Section d'Ecophysiologie en Conditions Contrôlées, Groupe d'Ecotechnie, Bâtiment 177, 13108 Saint Paul les Durance Cedex, France
Received: 19 July 1993 Revised: 16 August 1993 Accepted: 17 August 1993
Abstract
Microalgae are very efficient solar energy converters and they can produce a great variety of metabolites. Man has always tried to take advantage of these proporties through algal mass culture. Despite the fact that many applications for microalgae have been described in the literature, these micro-organisms are still of minor economic importance. Industrial reactors for algal culture are at present, all designed as open race-ways (shallow open ponds where culture is circulated by a paddle-wheel). Technical and biological limitations of these open systems have given rise to the development of enclosed photoreactors (made of transparent tubes, sleeves or containers and where light source may be natural or artificial). The present review surveys advances in these two technologies for cultivation of microalgae. Starting from published results, the advantages and disadvantages of open systems and closed photobioreactors are discussed. A few open systems are presented for which particularly reliable results are available. Emphasis is then put on closed systems, which have been considered as capital intensive and are justified only when a fine chemical is to be produced.
Key words microalgae - culture systems - race-ways - photobioreactors - mass culture - algal biotechnology
Original Springer Link page here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Thursday, February 22, 2007
Environmental factors influencing photosynthetic efficiency of the micro red alga Porphyridium cruentum (Agardh) Nägeli in light-limited cultures
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Environmental factors influencing photosynthetic efficiency of the micro red alga Porphyridium cruentum (Agardh) Nägeli in light-limited cultures
New Phytologist 118 (4), 513–519. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb00990.x
New PhytologistVolume 118 Issue 4 Page 513 - August 1991
EDMUND T. Y. LEE11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH1
MICHAEL J. BAZIN11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
1Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Summary
Steady state growth of the red alga Porphyridium cruentum was obtained in light-limited chemostat cultures at different temperatures, pH and salinities over a range of specific growth rates. Geometric design of the reactors was found to have no effect on the yield and photosynthetic efficiency (PE) of the biomass. Under optimal growth conditions, that is at 23 °C, pH 8 and NaCl concentration of 0.42 M, the maximum specific growth rate was 0.065hl which corresponded to a generation time of 10.7 h. With a given light input the biomass output rate was found to be constant over the range of specific growth rates studied. The values of the maximum growth yield (YG) and maximum PE of P. Cruentum were in the range of 0.0064–0.0074 g kj1 and 13.4–15.5% respectively, when growth was optimal. This PE value corresponds to a quantum demand of 15 per O2 molecule evolved. Different temperatures, pH and salinities were demonstrated to cause a 1.5 to 2-fold variation in the maximum PE. The maintenance energy was found to be virtually zero under all conditions.
Original Link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Environmental factors influencing photosynthetic efficiency of the micro red alga Porphyridium cruentum (Agardh) Nägeli in light-limited cultures
New Phytologist 118 (4), 513–519. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1991.tb00990.x
New PhytologistVolume 118 Issue 4 Page 513 - August 1991
EDMUND T. Y. LEE11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH1
MICHAEL J. BAZIN11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
1Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Summary
Steady state growth of the red alga Porphyridium cruentum was obtained in light-limited chemostat cultures at different temperatures, pH and salinities over a range of specific growth rates. Geometric design of the reactors was found to have no effect on the yield and photosynthetic efficiency (PE) of the biomass. Under optimal growth conditions, that is at 23 °C, pH 8 and NaCl concentration of 0.42 M, the maximum specific growth rate was 0.065hl which corresponded to a generation time of 10.7 h. With a given light input the biomass output rate was found to be constant over the range of specific growth rates studied. The values of the maximum growth yield (YG) and maximum PE of P. Cruentum were in the range of 0.0064–0.0074 g kj1 and 13.4–15.5% respectively, when growth was optimal. This PE value corresponds to a quantum demand of 15 per O2 molecule evolved. Different temperatures, pH and salinities were demonstrated to cause a 1.5 to 2-fold variation in the maximum PE. The maintenance energy was found to be virtually zero under all conditions.
Original Link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Performance of flat plate, air-lift reactor for the growth of high biomass algal cultures
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Performance of a flat plate, air-lift reactor for the growth of high biomass algal cultures
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 4, Number 1 / March, 1992
DOI - 10.1007/BF00003954
Performance of a flat plate, air-lift reactor for the growth of high biomass algal cultures
Iain A. J. Ratchford1 and Howard J. Fallowfield1
(1)
Department of Biochemical Sciences, The Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW, UK
Received: 14 August 1991 Revised: 11 October 1991 Accepted: 20 October 1991
SpringerLink Date - Friday, July 28, 2006
Abstract
A flat plate, multi-pass air lift reactor (FPALR) for the culture of photosynthetic organisms was constructed from twin wall acrylic sheet and its performance characterised. When operated at an air input of 2.01 min−1 the multi-pass system had a Reynolds number of 5200 indicating fully turbulent flow. Chlorella vulgaris 211/11c was found to have a stationary phase biomass of 1.48 g 1−1 when grown in the flat plate air lift reactor (FPALR) at 100 µmol m−2s−1 compared to 1.11 g 1−1 when cultured in the continually stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at the same PFD (photon flux density). The same organism cultured at 200 µmol m−2s−1 achieved a stationary phase biomass of 1.71 g 1−1 in the FPALR. In contrast, Scenedesmus sp. produced a stationary phase biomass of 2.27 g1−1 and 1.27 g1−1, when cultured at 100 µmol m−2s−1 in the FPALR and the CSTR respectively. The growth rates of both organisms were also higher in the PFALR.
Key words photobioreactor - flat plate air-lift reactor - Chlorella - Synechococcus - hydraulic characteristics - photosynthesis
Original Springer Link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Performance of a flat plate, air-lift reactor for the growth of high biomass algal cultures
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 4, Number 1 / March, 1992
DOI - 10.1007/BF00003954
Performance of a flat plate, air-lift reactor for the growth of high biomass algal cultures
Iain A. J. Ratchford1 and Howard J. Fallowfield1
(1)
Department of Biochemical Sciences, The Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW, UK
Received: 14 August 1991 Revised: 11 October 1991 Accepted: 20 October 1991
SpringerLink Date - Friday, July 28, 2006
Abstract
A flat plate, multi-pass air lift reactor (FPALR) for the culture of photosynthetic organisms was constructed from twin wall acrylic sheet and its performance characterised. When operated at an air input of 2.01 min−1 the multi-pass system had a Reynolds number of 5200 indicating fully turbulent flow. Chlorella vulgaris 211/11c was found to have a stationary phase biomass of 1.48 g 1−1 when grown in the flat plate air lift reactor (FPALR) at 100 µmol m−2s−1 compared to 1.11 g 1−1 when cultured in the continually stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at the same PFD (photon flux density). The same organism cultured at 200 µmol m−2s−1 achieved a stationary phase biomass of 1.71 g 1−1 in the FPALR. In contrast, Scenedesmus sp. produced a stationary phase biomass of 2.27 g1−1 and 1.27 g1−1, when cultured at 100 µmol m−2s−1 in the FPALR and the CSTR respectively. The growth rates of both organisms were also higher in the PFALR.
Key words photobioreactor - flat plate air-lift reactor - Chlorella - Synechococcus - hydraulic characteristics - photosynthesis
Original Springer Link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 5, Number 6 / December, 1993
DOI - 10.1007/BF02184638
Pages - 593-604
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Daniel Chaumont1
(1)
Centre de Cadarache, Département de Physiologie Végétale et Ecosystèmes, Section d'Ecophysiologie en Conditions Contrôlées, Groupe d'Ecotechnie, Bâtiment 177, 13108 Saint Paul les Durance Cedex, France
Received: 19 July 1993 Revised: 16 August 1993 Accepted: 17 August 1993
Abstract
Microalgae are very efficient solar energy converters and they can produce a great variety of metabolites. Man has always tried to take advantage of these proporties through algal mass culture. Despite the fact that many applications for microalgae have been described in the literature, these micro-organisms are still of minor economic importance. Industrial reactors for algal culture are at present, all designed as open race-ways (shallow open ponds where culture is circulated by a paddle-wheel). Technical and biological limitations of these open systems have given rise to the development of enclosed photoreactors (made of transparent tubes, sleeves or containers and where light source may be natural or artificial). The present review surveys advances in these two technologies for cultivation of microalgae. Starting from published results, the advantages and disadvantages of open systems and closed photobioreactors are discussed. A few open systems are presented for which particularly reliable results are available. Emphasis is then put on closed systems, which have been considered as capital intensive and are justified only when a fine chemical is to be produced.
Key words microalgae - culture systems - race-ways - photobioreactors - mass culture - algal biotechnology
Original Springer page here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 5, Number 6 / December, 1993
DOI - 10.1007/BF02184638
Pages - 593-604
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Biotechnology of algal biomass production: a review of systems for outdoor mass culture
Daniel Chaumont1
(1)
Centre de Cadarache, Département de Physiologie Végétale et Ecosystèmes, Section d'Ecophysiologie en Conditions Contrôlées, Groupe d'Ecotechnie, Bâtiment 177, 13108 Saint Paul les Durance Cedex, France
Received: 19 July 1993 Revised: 16 August 1993 Accepted: 17 August 1993
Abstract
Microalgae are very efficient solar energy converters and they can produce a great variety of metabolites. Man has always tried to take advantage of these proporties through algal mass culture. Despite the fact that many applications for microalgae have been described in the literature, these micro-organisms are still of minor economic importance. Industrial reactors for algal culture are at present, all designed as open race-ways (shallow open ponds where culture is circulated by a paddle-wheel). Technical and biological limitations of these open systems have given rise to the development of enclosed photoreactors (made of transparent tubes, sleeves or containers and where light source may be natural or artificial). The present review surveys advances in these two technologies for cultivation of microalgae. Starting from published results, the advantages and disadvantages of open systems and closed photobioreactors are discussed. A few open systems are presented for which particularly reliable results are available. Emphasis is then put on closed systems, which have been considered as capital intensive and are justified only when a fine chemical is to be produced.
Key words microalgae - culture systems - race-ways - photobioreactors - mass culture - algal biotechnology
Original Springer page here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
High-density algal photobioreactors using light-emitting diodes
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
High-density algal photobioreactors using light-emitting diodes
Choul-Gyun Lee, Bernhard Ø. Palsson *
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
*Correspondence to Bernhard Ø. Palsson, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Keywords - Chlorella vulgaris • light-emitting diodes (LEd) • Oxygen production • photobioreactor(PBR)
Abstract
Lack of high-density algal photobioreactors (PBR) has been a limitation in exploiting the biotechnological potential of algae. Recent developments of highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LED using gallium aluminum arsenide chips) have made the development of a small LED-based PBR possible. We have calculated theoretical values of gas mass transfer requirements and light-intensity requirement to support high-density algal cultures for the 680 nm monochromatic red light from LED as a light source. A prototype PBR has been designed based on these calculations. A cell concentration of more than 2 × 109 cells/mL (more than 6.6% v%sol;v), cell doubling times as low as 12 h, and an oxygen production rate as high as 10 mmol oxygen/L culture/h were achieved using on-line ultrafiltration to periodically provide fresh medium.
Original Wiley Interscience link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
High-density algal photobioreactors using light-emitting diodes
Choul-Gyun Lee, Bernhard Ø. Palsson *
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
*Correspondence to Bernhard Ø. Palsson, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Keywords - Chlorella vulgaris • light-emitting diodes (LEd) • Oxygen production • photobioreactor(PBR)
Abstract
Lack of high-density algal photobioreactors (PBR) has been a limitation in exploiting the biotechnological potential of algae. Recent developments of highly efficient light-emitting diodes (LED using gallium aluminum arsenide chips) have made the development of a small LED-based PBR possible. We have calculated theoretical values of gas mass transfer requirements and light-intensity requirement to support high-density algal cultures for the 680 nm monochromatic red light from LED as a light source. A prototype PBR has been designed based on these calculations. A cell concentration of more than 2 × 109 cells/mL (more than 6.6% v%sol;v), cell doubling times as low as 12 h, and an oxygen production rate as high as 10 mmol oxygen/L culture/h were achieved using on-line ultrafiltration to periodically provide fresh medium.
Original Wiley Interscience link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Elemental balancing of biomass and medium composition enhances growth capacity in high-density Chlorella vulgaris cultures
You are at: Oilgae Blog. See the complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Elemental balancing of biomass and medium composition enhances growth capacity in high-density Chlorella vulgaris cultures
Ramkumar K. Mandalam *, Bernhard Palsson
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
*Correspondence to Ramkumar K. Mandalam, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Funded by: NASA; Grant Number: 10-56943
Keywords - Chlorella vulgaris • algae • elemental balancing • medium design • high-density cultures • photoautotrophic growth
Abstract
The basic requirements for high-density photoautotrophic microalgal cultures in enclosed photobioreactors are a powerful light source and proper distribution of light, efficient gas exchange, and suitable medium composition. This article introduces the concept of balancing the elemental composition of growth medium with biomass composition to obtain high-density cultures. N-8 medium, commonly used for culturing Chlorella vulgaris was evaluated for its capacity to support high-density cultures on the basis of elemental stoichiometric composition of C. vulgaris. This analysis showed that the N-8 medium is deficient in iron, magnesium, sulfur, and nitrogen at high cell densities. N-8 medium was redesigned to contain stoichiometrically balanced quantities of the four deficient elements to support a biomass concentration of 2% (v/v). The redesigned medium, called M-8 medium, resulted in up to three- to fivefold increase in total chlorophyll content per volume of culture as compared to N-8 medium. Further experiments showed that addition of each of the four elements separately to N-8 medium did not improve culture performance and that balanced supplementation of all four deficient elements was required to yield the improved performance. Long-term (24 d) C. vulgaris culture in M-8 medium showed continuous increase in chlorophyll content and biomass throughout the period of cultivation. In contrast, the increase in chlorophyll content and biomass ceased after 7 and 12 d, respectively in N-8 medium, demonstrating the higher capacity of M-8 medium to produce biomass. Thus, the performance of high cell density photobioreactors can be significantly enhanced by proper medium design. The elemental composition of the biomass generated is an appropriate basis for medium design.
Original John Wiley link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Elemental balancing of biomass and medium composition enhances growth capacity in high-density Chlorella vulgaris cultures
Ramkumar K. Mandalam *, Bernhard Palsson
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
*Correspondence to Ramkumar K. Mandalam, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Funded by: NASA; Grant Number: 10-56943
Keywords - Chlorella vulgaris • algae • elemental balancing • medium design • high-density cultures • photoautotrophic growth
Abstract
The basic requirements for high-density photoautotrophic microalgal cultures in enclosed photobioreactors are a powerful light source and proper distribution of light, efficient gas exchange, and suitable medium composition. This article introduces the concept of balancing the elemental composition of growth medium with biomass composition to obtain high-density cultures. N-8 medium, commonly used for culturing Chlorella vulgaris was evaluated for its capacity to support high-density cultures on the basis of elemental stoichiometric composition of C. vulgaris. This analysis showed that the N-8 medium is deficient in iron, magnesium, sulfur, and nitrogen at high cell densities. N-8 medium was redesigned to contain stoichiometrically balanced quantities of the four deficient elements to support a biomass concentration of 2% (v/v). The redesigned medium, called M-8 medium, resulted in up to three- to fivefold increase in total chlorophyll content per volume of culture as compared to N-8 medium. Further experiments showed that addition of each of the four elements separately to N-8 medium did not improve culture performance and that balanced supplementation of all four deficient elements was required to yield the improved performance. Long-term (24 d) C. vulgaris culture in M-8 medium showed continuous increase in chlorophyll content and biomass throughout the period of cultivation. In contrast, the increase in chlorophyll content and biomass ceased after 7 and 12 d, respectively in N-8 medium, demonstrating the higher capacity of M-8 medium to produce biomass. Thus, the performance of high cell density photobioreactors can be significantly enhanced by proper medium design. The elemental composition of the biomass generated is an appropriate basis for medium design.
Original John Wiley link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
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Laboratory scale air-lift helical photobioreactor to increase biomass output rate of photosynthetic algal cultures
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A laboratory scale air-lift helical photobioreactor to increase biomass output rate of photosynthetic algal cultures
New PhytologistVolume 116 Issue 2 Page 331 - October 1990
EDMUND T.-Y. LEE 11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
MICHAEL J. BAZIN11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
1Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Summary
The helical air-lift reactor of 0·315 1 capacity provides an improved way to cultivate photosynthetic organisms when compared to a 0·625 1 stirred reactor. The improvement results from an approximately three-fold increase in the surface area: volume ratio of the reactor. Continuous operation of the helical reactor at a dilution rate of 0·025 h1 permitted a light-limited photosynthetic culture of Porphyridium cruentum to be maintained at a steady state biomass concentration of 4·6 g l1 compared to 1·7 g l1 in the stirred reactor under similar illumination. When operated at an air flow rate of 0·75 1 min1, the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was 160 h1 in the helical reactor and a Reynolds number of 2000 was obtained.
Original link here
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Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A laboratory scale air-lift helical photobioreactor to increase biomass output rate of photosynthetic algal cultures
New PhytologistVolume 116 Issue 2 Page 331 - October 1990
EDMUND T.-Y. LEE 11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
MICHAEL J. BAZIN11Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
1Microbial Physiology Group, Division of Biosphere Sciences, King's College (University of London), Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Summary
The helical air-lift reactor of 0·315 1 capacity provides an improved way to cultivate photosynthetic organisms when compared to a 0·625 1 stirred reactor. The improvement results from an approximately three-fold increase in the surface area: volume ratio of the reactor. Continuous operation of the helical reactor at a dilution rate of 0·025 h1 permitted a light-limited photosynthetic culture of Porphyridium cruentum to be maintained at a steady state biomass concentration of 4·6 g l1 compared to 1·7 g l1 in the stirred reactor under similar illumination. When operated at an air flow rate of 0·75 1 min1, the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient was 160 h1 in the helical reactor and a Reynolds number of 2000 was obtained.
Original link here
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Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
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algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
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Airlift photobioreactor with baffles for improved light utilization with flashing light effect
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A novel airlift photobioreactor with baffles for improved light utilization through the flashing light effect
Degen J, Uebele A, Retze A, Schmid-Staiger U, Trosch W.
Fraunhofer Institut fur Grenzflachen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik, Nobelstr. 12, D-70569
1: J Biotechnol. 2001 Dec 28;92(2):89-94.
Abstract
A newly developed flat panel airlift photobioreactor with a defined circulation path was tested for microalgal culture. The bioreactor exposed the cells to intermittent light to improve the efficiency of light utilization through the flashing-light effect. During batch cultures in the new photobioreactor, the biomass productivity of Chlorella vulgaris was 1.7 times greater than in a randomly mixed bubble column of identical dimension. A reduction in light path from 30 to 15 mm increased the biomass productivity by 2.5-fold. A maximum dry biomass productivity of 0.11 g l(-1) h(-1) was obtained at an artificial illumination of 980 mu E m(-2) s(-1).
Original source link here
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Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
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algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
A novel airlift photobioreactor with baffles for improved light utilization through the flashing light effect
Degen J, Uebele A, Retze A, Schmid-Staiger U, Trosch W.
Fraunhofer Institut fur Grenzflachen- und Bioverfahrenstechnik, Nobelstr. 12, D-70569
1: J Biotechnol. 2001 Dec 28;92(2):89-94.
Abstract
A newly developed flat panel airlift photobioreactor with a defined circulation path was tested for microalgal culture. The bioreactor exposed the cells to intermittent light to improve the efficiency of light utilization through the flashing-light effect. During batch cultures in the new photobioreactor, the biomass productivity of Chlorella vulgaris was 1.7 times greater than in a randomly mixed bubble column of identical dimension. A reduction in light path from 30 to 15 mm increased the biomass productivity by 2.5-fold. A maximum dry biomass productivity of 0.11 g l(-1) h(-1) was obtained at an artificial illumination of 980 mu E m(-2) s(-1).
Original source link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
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algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Tubular photobioreactor design for algal cultures
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Tubular photobioreactor design for algal cultures
Journal of Biotechnology 92 (2001) 113–131
E. Molina, J. Ferna´ndez, F.G. Acie´n, Y. Chisti
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almerı´a, E- 04071 Almeria, Spain
Received 13 June 2000; received in revised form 6 October 2000; accepted 13 October 2000
Abstract
Principles of fluid mechanics, gas–liquid mass transfer, and irradiance controlled algal growth are integrated intoa method for designing tubular photobioreactors in which the culture is circulated by an airlift pump. A 0.2 m3photobioreactor designed using the proposed approach was proved in continuous outdoor culture of the microalgaPhaeodactylum tricornutum. The culture performance was assessed under various conditions of irradiance, dilutionrates and liquid velocities through the tubular solar collector. A biomass productivity of 1.90 g l−1 d−1 (or 32 g m−2d−1) could be obtained at a dilution rate of 0.04 h−1. Photoinhibition was observed during hours of peak irradiance;the photosynthetic activity of the cells recovered a few hours later. Linear liquid velocities of 0.50 and 0.35 m s−1 inthe solar collector gave similar biomass productivities, but the culture collapsed at lower velocities. The effect ofdissolved oxygen concentration on productivity was quantified in indoor conditions; dissolved oxygen levels higher orlower than air saturation values reduced productivity. Under outdoor conditions, for given levels of oxygensupersaturation, the productivity decline was greater outdoors than indoors, suggesting that under intense outdoorillumination photooxidation contributed to loss of productivity in comparison with productivity loss due to oxygeninhibition alone. Dissolved oxygen values at the outlet of solar collector tube were up to 400% of air saturation.
Original source here (PDF)
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Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Tubular photobioreactor design for algal cultures
Journal of Biotechnology 92 (2001) 113–131
E. Molina, J. Ferna´ndez, F.G. Acie´n, Y. Chisti
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almerı´a, E- 04071 Almeria, Spain
Received 13 June 2000; received in revised form 6 October 2000; accepted 13 October 2000
Abstract
Principles of fluid mechanics, gas–liquid mass transfer, and irradiance controlled algal growth are integrated intoa method for designing tubular photobioreactors in which the culture is circulated by an airlift pump. A 0.2 m3photobioreactor designed using the proposed approach was proved in continuous outdoor culture of the microalgaPhaeodactylum tricornutum. The culture performance was assessed under various conditions of irradiance, dilutionrates and liquid velocities through the tubular solar collector. A biomass productivity of 1.90 g l−1 d−1 (or 32 g m−2d−1) could be obtained at a dilution rate of 0.04 h−1. Photoinhibition was observed during hours of peak irradiance;the photosynthetic activity of the cells recovered a few hours later. Linear liquid velocities of 0.50 and 0.35 m s−1 inthe solar collector gave similar biomass productivities, but the culture collapsed at lower velocities. The effect ofdissolved oxygen concentration on productivity was quantified in indoor conditions; dissolved oxygen levels higher orlower than air saturation values reduced productivity. Under outdoor conditions, for given levels of oxygensupersaturation, the productivity decline was greater outdoors than indoors, suggesting that under intense outdoorillumination photooxidation contributed to loss of productivity in comparison with productivity loss due to oxygeninhibition alone. Dissolved oxygen values at the outlet of solar collector tube were up to 400% of air saturation.
Original source here (PDF)
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Optical fibre photobioreactor for enhanced production of Isochrysis aff. galbana T-Iso (UTEX LB 2307) (marine unicellular alga ) rich in docosahex
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An optical fibre photobioreactor for enhanced production of the marine unicellular alga Isochrysis aff. galbana T-Iso (UTEX LB 2307) rich in docosahexaenoic acid
Journal - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Publisher - Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
Issue - Volume 39, Numbers 4-5 / July, 1993
Category - Biotechnology
DOI - 10.1007/BF00205032
SpringerLink Date - Wednesday, November 24, 2004
J. Grant Burgess1, Kaori Iwamoto1, Yuki Miura1, Hiroyuki Takano1 and Tadashi Matsunaga1
(1)
Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 184 Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
Received: 30 November 1992 Accepted: 2 February 1993
Abstract
We have screened six species of marine microalga for their ability to produce the important dietary lipid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Isochrysis aff. galbana T-Iso (UTEX LB 2307), which produced DHA in the highest quantities (5.4 mg-g–1), was grown in a new type of closed photobioreactor in which efficient light distribution was achieved using light-diffusing optical fibres. The optimal temperature and light intensity for DHA production were determined and a maximal DHA production of 4.3 mg-l was achieved, twofold greater than that obtained using conventional culture methods. In addition, the DHA content could be enhanced by low temperature or dark incubation of the culture after growth.
Original source link here - Springer Link
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Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
An optical fibre photobioreactor for enhanced production of the marine unicellular alga Isochrysis aff. galbana T-Iso (UTEX LB 2307) rich in docosahexaenoic acid
Journal - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Publisher - Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
Issue - Volume 39, Numbers 4-5 / July, 1993
Category - Biotechnology
DOI - 10.1007/BF00205032
SpringerLink Date - Wednesday, November 24, 2004
J. Grant Burgess1, Kaori Iwamoto1, Yuki Miura1, Hiroyuki Takano1 and Tadashi Matsunaga1
(1)
Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 184 Koganei, Tokyo, Japan
Received: 30 November 1992 Accepted: 2 February 1993
Abstract
We have screened six species of marine microalga for their ability to produce the important dietary lipid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Isochrysis aff. galbana T-Iso (UTEX LB 2307), which produced DHA in the highest quantities (5.4 mg-g–1), was grown in a new type of closed photobioreactor in which efficient light distribution was achieved using light-diffusing optical fibres. The optimal temperature and light intensity for DHA production were determined and a maximal DHA production of 4.3 mg-l was achieved, twofold greater than that obtained using conventional culture methods. In addition, the DHA content could be enhanced by low temperature or dark incubation of the culture after growth.
Original source link here - Springer Link
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
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Effect of photobioreactor inclination on biomass productivity of outdoor algal culture
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Effect of photobioreactor inclination on the biomass productivity of an outdoor algal culture
Yuan-Kun Lee *, Chin-Seng Low
Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511
*Correspondence to Yuan-Kun Lee, Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511
Keywords - tubular-loop photobioreactor • orientation • Chlorella pyrenoidosa • biomass productivity
Abstract
The profiles of photon flux density incidented on a tubularloop photobioreactor in the day could be altered by inclining the bioreactor at an angle with the horizontal. The photon flux density at noon decreased with increasing angle of inclination, whereas the photon flux density in the early morning and late afternoon increased with increasing angle of inclination. The overall photosynthetic radiance received by the bioreactor inclined at 0, 25, 45, and 80° was 1:0.89:0.77:0.62. Regardless of the angle of bioreactor inclination, the overall biomass output rate of a fed-batch culture over an 8-h/day period was comparable (26-36 g-biomass m-2 bioreactor surface area day-1). As a bioreactor inclined at an angle occupied smaller land area, and daily biomass output rate per land area of a bioreactor inclined at 80° (130 g-biomass m-2 land) was about six times of that obtainable at horizontal position (21-g biomass m-2 land). The bioenergetics growth yield from the absorbed photosynthetic radiance was not a constant but an inverse function of the photon flux density. The quasi-steady state chlorophyll content of the Chlorella cells varied between 36 and 63 mg g-1 cells. Photoinhibition of the maximum photosynthetic capacity was not observed in this study.
Received: 28 November 1990; Accepted: 22 March 1991
Original Wiley Interscience link here
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Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Effect of photobioreactor inclination on the biomass productivity of an outdoor algal culture
Yuan-Kun Lee *, Chin-Seng Low
Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511
*Correspondence to Yuan-Kun Lee, Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 0511
Keywords - tubular-loop photobioreactor • orientation • Chlorella pyrenoidosa • biomass productivity
Abstract
The profiles of photon flux density incidented on a tubularloop photobioreactor in the day could be altered by inclining the bioreactor at an angle with the horizontal. The photon flux density at noon decreased with increasing angle of inclination, whereas the photon flux density in the early morning and late afternoon increased with increasing angle of inclination. The overall photosynthetic radiance received by the bioreactor inclined at 0, 25, 45, and 80° was 1:0.89:0.77:0.62. Regardless of the angle of bioreactor inclination, the overall biomass output rate of a fed-batch culture over an 8-h/day period was comparable (26-36 g-biomass m-2 bioreactor surface area day-1). As a bioreactor inclined at an angle occupied smaller land area, and daily biomass output rate per land area of a bioreactor inclined at 80° (130 g-biomass m-2 land) was about six times of that obtainable at horizontal position (21-g biomass m-2 land). The bioenergetics growth yield from the absorbed photosynthetic radiance was not a constant but an inverse function of the photon flux density. The quasi-steady state chlorophyll content of the Chlorella cells varied between 36 and 63 mg g-1 cells. Photoinhibition of the maximum photosynthetic capacity was not observed in this study.
Received: 28 November 1990; Accepted: 22 March 1991
Original Wiley Interscience link here
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Design, performance of α-type tubular photobioreactor for microalgae mass cultivation
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Design and performance of an α-type tubular photobioreactor for mass cultivation of microalgae
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue -
Volume 7, Number 1 / February, 1995
DOI - 10.1007/BF00003549
SpringerLink Date - Saturday, July 29, 2006
Design and performance of an α-type tubular photobioreactor for mass cultivation of microalgae
Yuan-Kun Lee1, Sun-Yeun Ding1, Chin-Seng Low1, Yoon-Ching Chang2, Wayne L. Forday2 and Poo-Chin Chew3
(1)
Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 0511
(2)
Department of Biotechnology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, Singapore, 2159
(3)
Gold Coin Services Singapore Pte Ltd, 14 Jalan Tepong, Singapore, 2261
Received: 25 April 1994 Revised: 28 September 1994 Accepted: 2 October 1994
Abstract
A α-shape tubular photobioreactor was designed and constructed based on knowledge of algal growth physiology using sunlight. The algal culture is lifted 5 m by air to a receiver tank. From the receiver tank, the culture flows down parallel polyvinyl-chloride tubes of 25 m length and 2.5 cm internal diameter, placed at an angle of 25 ° with the horizontal to reach another set of air riser tubes. Again the culture is lifted 5 m to another receiver tank, then flows down parallel tubes connected to the base of the first set of riser tubes. Thus, the bioreactor system looks like the symbol α. As there is no change in the direction of the liquid flow, high liquid flow rate and Reynolds Number can be achieved at relatively low air flow rate in the riser tubes. Due to the high area-volume ratio of the bioreactor, and equable photosynthetically available radiance and culture temperature, biomass density of exceeding 10 g dry weight L-1 and daily output rate of 72 g dry weight m-2 land d-1 were achieved.
Key words photobioreactor - microalgae - design performance
Original Springer Link here
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Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Design and performance of an α-type tubular photobioreactor for mass cultivation of microalgae
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue -
Volume 7, Number 1 / February, 1995
DOI - 10.1007/BF00003549
SpringerLink Date - Saturday, July 29, 2006
Design and performance of an α-type tubular photobioreactor for mass cultivation of microalgae
Yuan-Kun Lee1, Sun-Yeun Ding1, Chin-Seng Low1, Yoon-Ching Chang2, Wayne L. Forday2 and Poo-Chin Chew3
(1)
Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore, 0511
(2)
Department of Biotechnology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, Singapore, 2159
(3)
Gold Coin Services Singapore Pte Ltd, 14 Jalan Tepong, Singapore, 2261
Received: 25 April 1994 Revised: 28 September 1994 Accepted: 2 October 1994
Abstract
A α-shape tubular photobioreactor was designed and constructed based on knowledge of algal growth physiology using sunlight. The algal culture is lifted 5 m by air to a receiver tank. From the receiver tank, the culture flows down parallel polyvinyl-chloride tubes of 25 m length and 2.5 cm internal diameter, placed at an angle of 25 ° with the horizontal to reach another set of air riser tubes. Again the culture is lifted 5 m to another receiver tank, then flows down parallel tubes connected to the base of the first set of riser tubes. Thus, the bioreactor system looks like the symbol α. As there is no change in the direction of the liquid flow, high liquid flow rate and Reynolds Number can be achieved at relatively low air flow rate in the riser tubes. Due to the high area-volume ratio of the bioreactor, and equable photosynthetically available radiance and culture temperature, biomass density of exceeding 10 g dry weight L-1 and daily output rate of 72 g dry weight m-2 land d-1 were achieved.
Key words photobioreactor - microalgae - design performance
Original Springer Link here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
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algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Productivity and photosynthetic efficiency ofSpirulina platensis as affected by light intensity, algal density and rate of mixing in a flat plate phot
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Productivity and photosynthetic efficiency ofSpirulina platensis as affected by light intensity, algal density and rate of mixing in a flat plate photobioreactor
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 8, Number 2 / March, 1996
DOI - 10.1007/BF02186317
Pages - 139-145
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Productivity and photosynthetic efficiency ofSpirulina platensis as affected by light intensity, algal density and rate of mixing in a flat plate photobioreactor
Hu Qiang1 and Amos Richmond1
(1)
Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Sede Boker Campus, 84990, Israel
Received: 14 February 1996 Revised: 20 May 1996 Accepted: 22 May 1996
Abstract The effect of the rate of mixing on productivity of algal mass in relation to photon flux density and algal concentration was quantitatively evaluated in cultures ofSpirulina platensis grown in a newly designed flat-plate photobioreactor. Special emphasis was placed on elucidating the principles underlying efficient utilization of high photon flux density for maximal productivity of algal-mass. Whereas the rate of mixing exerted little influence on productivity and photosynthetic efficiency in cultures of relatively low algal density, its effect became ever more significant as algal concentration was increased. Maximal mixing-enhanced cell concentrations and productivity of biomass were obtained at the highest light intensity used. At each level of incident light intensity, maximum productivity and photosynthetic efficiency could be achieved only when algal concentration and mixing rates were optimized. The higher the intensity of the light source, the higher became the optimal culture density, highest algal concentrations and productivity of biomass being obtained at the highest light intensity used. The rate of mixing required careful optimization: when too low, maximal productivity resulting from the most efficient utilization of light could not be obtained. Too high a rate of mixing resulted in cell damage and reduced output rate.
Key words Spirulina platensis - mixing rate - light intensity - algal density - photobioreactor - productivity - photosynthetic efficiency
Original Springer Link source here
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algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
Productivity and photosynthetic efficiency ofSpirulina platensis as affected by light intensity, algal density and rate of mixing in a flat plate photobioreactor
Journal - Journal of Applied Phycology
Publisher - Springer Netherlands
Issue - Volume 8, Number 2 / March, 1996
DOI - 10.1007/BF02186317
Pages - 139-145
SpringerLink Date - Tuesday, September 20, 2005
Productivity and photosynthetic efficiency ofSpirulina platensis as affected by light intensity, algal density and rate of mixing in a flat plate photobioreactor
Hu Qiang1 and Amos Richmond1
(1)
Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The Jacob Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Sede Boker Campus, 84990, Israel
Received: 14 February 1996 Revised: 20 May 1996 Accepted: 22 May 1996
Abstract The effect of the rate of mixing on productivity of algal mass in relation to photon flux density and algal concentration was quantitatively evaluated in cultures ofSpirulina platensis grown in a newly designed flat-plate photobioreactor. Special emphasis was placed on elucidating the principles underlying efficient utilization of high photon flux density for maximal productivity of algal-mass. Whereas the rate of mixing exerted little influence on productivity and photosynthetic efficiency in cultures of relatively low algal density, its effect became ever more significant as algal concentration was increased. Maximal mixing-enhanced cell concentrations and productivity of biomass were obtained at the highest light intensity used. At each level of incident light intensity, maximum productivity and photosynthetic efficiency could be achieved only when algal concentration and mixing rates were optimized. The higher the intensity of the light source, the higher became the optimal culture density, highest algal concentrations and productivity of biomass being obtained at the highest light intensity used. The rate of mixing required careful optimization: when too low, maximal productivity resulting from the most efficient utilization of light could not be obtained. Too high a rate of mixing resulted in cell damage and reduced output rate.
Key words Spirulina platensis - mixing rate - light intensity - algal density - photobioreactor - productivity - photosynthetic efficiency
Original Springer Link source here
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High-density photoautotrophic algal cultures: Design, construction, and operation of a novel photobioreactor system
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High-density photoautotrophic algal cultures: Design, construction, and operation of a novel photobioreactor system
Author(s): Javanmardian, MinooPalsson, Bernhard O.
Issue Date: 5-Dec-1991
Publisher: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
Citation:
Javanmardian, Minoo; Palsson, Bernhard O. (10)."High-density photoautotrophic algal cultures: Design, construction, and operation of a novel photobioreactor system." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38: 1182-1189.
Abstract
A photobioreactor system has been designed, constructed and implemented to achieve high photosynthetic rates in high-density photoautotrophic algal cell suspensions. This unit is designed for efficient oxygen and biomass production rates, and it also can be used for the production of secreted products. A fiber-optic based optical transmission system that is coupled to an internal light distribution system illuminates the culture volume uniformly, at light intensities of 1.7 mW/cm 2 over a specific surface area of 3.2 cm 2 /cm 3 . Uniform light distribution is achieved throughout the reactor without interfering with the flow pattern required to keep the cells in suspension. An on-line ultrafiltration unit exchanges spent with fresh medium, and its use results in very high cell densities, up to 10 9 cells/mL [3% (w/v)] for eukaryotic green alga chlorella vulgaris . DNA histograms obtained form flow cytometric analysis reveal that on-line ultrafiltration influences the growth pattern. Prior to ultrafiltration the cells seem to have at a particular point in the cell cycle where they contain multiple chromosomal equivalents. Following ultrafiltration, these cells divide, and the new cells are committed to division so that cell growth resumes. The Prototype photobioreactor system was operated both in batch and in continuous mode for over 2 months. The measured oxygen production rate of 4-6 mmol/L culture h under continuous operation is consistent with th
Original source link and full report here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
Do you know that oil derived from algae is an exciting renewable fuel possibility? - see Oilgae for more.
High-density photoautotrophic algal cultures: Design, construction, and operation of a novel photobioreactor system
Author(s): Javanmardian, MinooPalsson, Bernhard O.
Issue Date: 5-Dec-1991
Publisher: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
Citation:
Javanmardian, Minoo; Palsson, Bernhard O. (10)."High-density photoautotrophic algal cultures: Design, construction, and operation of a novel photobioreactor system." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38: 1182-1189.
Abstract
A photobioreactor system has been designed, constructed and implemented to achieve high photosynthetic rates in high-density photoautotrophic algal cell suspensions. This unit is designed for efficient oxygen and biomass production rates, and it also can be used for the production of secreted products. A fiber-optic based optical transmission system that is coupled to an internal light distribution system illuminates the culture volume uniformly, at light intensities of 1.7 mW/cm 2 over a specific surface area of 3.2 cm 2 /cm 3 . Uniform light distribution is achieved throughout the reactor without interfering with the flow pattern required to keep the cells in suspension. An on-line ultrafiltration unit exchanges spent with fresh medium, and its use results in very high cell densities, up to 10 9 cells/mL [3% (w/v)] for eukaryotic green alga chlorella vulgaris . DNA histograms obtained form flow cytometric analysis reveal that on-line ultrafiltration influences the growth pattern. Prior to ultrafiltration the cells seem to have at a particular point in the cell cycle where they contain multiple chromosomal equivalents. Following ultrafiltration, these cells divide, and the new cells are committed to division so that cell growth resumes. The Prototype photobioreactor system was operated both in batch and in continuous mode for over 2 months. The measured oxygen production rate of 4-6 mmol/L culture h under continuous operation is consistent with th
Original source link and full report here
Nature gave us oil from algae; perhaps we should try Nature's way again
Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae
Oilgae Blog; The complete list of Oilgae Blog articles.
algOS - Biodiesel from Algae Open Source
About Oilgae - Oilgae - Oil & Biodiesel from Algae has a focus on biodiesel production from algae while also discussing alternative energy in general. Algae present an exciting possibility as a feedstock for biodiesel, and when you realise that oil was originally formed from algae - among other related plants - you think "Hey! Why not oil again from algae!"
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